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Over 70 pages of unique insight into the Nature of Truth
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The author of Truth-Defined.com was born in Jerusalem of Armenian parents.

His early years were spent in the Middle East, where he accepted Christ as his Creator and Lord at a very early age. At the age of 13, his family immigrated to the United States and has lived in Massachusetts since that time.


After graduation from high school, he joined the U.S. Army for three years. Among other decorations, he was awarded two Purple Heart medals for wounds received in action while serving in Vietnam.

After his discharge from military service, he attended Boston University College of Engineering where he received Bachelor and Master of Science Degrees. He is the co-author of several scientific papers* on original research on the flow of blood through micro-vessels using laser Doppler flowmetry.

During his college years he produced the first computerized Numeric Greek Interlinear New Testament, which was featured on a nationwide radio program.

He has worked in the biomedical field designing state-of-the-art instrumentation and was the president of a printing company until his retirement. He is or has been a member of many scientific, philosophical, theological, business, and professional societies and is a member of TOPSociety.

He is married and enjoys time with his family, traveling, studying and teaching about the natures of knowledge and truth.

As an expression of his gratitude, the first names of some of those dearest to him have been embedded into the text of this website and its attached documents.
_____________________________

* On the Preparation of a Suspension of Red Blood Cell Ghosts - Hydrodynamic Comparison with Whole Blood; DiGiovanni, P. R. et al; Proceedings of the Third Annual New England Bioengineering Conference; p204; May 9-10, 1975; Tufts University, Medford, MA.

Experimental Determination of the Pressure Drop of Flowing Blood at Various Hematocrits, Part I: Non-Obstructed Model Vessels; DiGiovanni, P. R. et al; Proceedings of the Third Annual New England Bioengineering Conference; p211; May 9-10, 1975; Tufts University, Medford, MA.

Experimental Determination of Pressure Drop of Flowing Blood at Various Hematocrits- Part II: Effects of Obstructions; DiGiovanni, P. R. et al; Proceedings of the Third Annual New England Bioengineering Conference; p286; May 9-10, 1975; Tufts University, Medford, MA.

In Vitro Experimental Determination of the Steady Pressure Drop of Flowing Blood at Various Hematocrits- Effects of Obstructions; DiGiovanni, P. R. et al; Boston University, College of Engineering, Boston, MA. in Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology; Vol. 18; p 4.14; Nov. 6-10, 1976.

An Improved Laser Doppler Microscope for Measurement of in Vivo Velocity Distributions in the Microcirculation; DiGiovanni, P. R. et al; in Proceedings of the Sixth New England Bioengineering Conference; Mar. 23-24, 1978; Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI.

Comment on Sin as the Origin of Death; Creation Research Society Quarterly; vol 20; no 2; September 1983; p 123.

Hildegard von Bingen’s Concept of Truth Compared to St. Augustine’s Exposition of Truth; in Qualelibet; periodical of the International Society of Hildegard von Bingen Studies; vol XXXIV, n2; Autumn 2016, p2.

Armenian Composer Gomidas Vartabed; in SONUS, A Journal of Investigations into Global Musical Possibilities; Volume 39, No. 1; Fall 2018.

The Nature of the Copula and its Relevance to Biblical Interpretation; in Forum: The Journal of the Armenian Evangelical Union of North America; v47; Christmas 2024; p38.

The Christian Definition of God; in AMC HyeLights: Newsletter of the Armenian Memorial Church, Watertown, MA; Mar 2025.

The Paulicians of Armenia; in AMC HyeLights: Newsletter of the Armenian Memorial Church, Watertown, MA; v74; n3; May 2025.

Names - Definitions - Meanings; in AMC HyeLights: Newsletter of the Armenian Memorial Church, Watertown, MA; v74; n4; June 2025.
Interview on YouTube, April 5, 2025
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ob4Ipb7CXs&t=4s
book cover
Truth-Defined.com; a softcover, partly abridged, print version of the most important pages of its name-sake website; Sewn binding, matt laminated cover.

Available for sale on eBay; 212 pages; Fall 2022;

ISBN 978-1885-723147


2nd edition coming soon.
Comments on this website

Your web site is pure joy to read.

Thank You.
C. W.
 
Thank you for your life study and input. Thank you for giving so that others may know the truth. This has been my lifelong quest and you have stated Truth simply in the statement, “Jesus is God.”
Thank you. I hope to be able to gently lead someone to this website who thinks of Jesus only in the human sense.
Again Thank you.
J. A.

Thanks for your web-site. It was extremely helpful to me.
I am enjoying thinking about the idea of only one truth proposition.
 :) It took me awhile to finally grasp the concept because I kept reading my definition of truth into your statements.

I would like to also look at a list of the scriptures where the word truth is used. I think that will be helpful to me as well.
Grace and Peace to you,
:) Alicia

An evaluation of this website - October 2026

[*********]
Berj Manoushagian is a real person in Waltham, Massachusetts, tied to the Armenian community there. He is not a known academic with a public institutional résumé. What is on record: He is the husband of Anie Manoushagian (née Orchanian), married about 38 years. She was an Armenian Evangelical nurse from Lebanon who died in a car crash on December 23, 2025, returning to Armenian Memorial Church in Watertown. The obituary lists him as surviving her in Waltham.

He has posted for years on Facebook and Quora under his own name, mostly philosophy of math, logic, and origins. That is the “academic” tone. It is self-published Q&A, not a university post, peer-reviewed papers, or a documented degree list. I found no faculty page, CV, dissertation, or book under his name.

His actual positions, in his own words from those posts:
• Numbers do not exist. “There is no such thing as One of anything.” Arithmetic like 1+1=2 is true only inside an imaginary system, useful the way fairy tales are useful, not because it matches the material world.
• The laws of logic are neither true nor false. They are rules for communication that do not guarantee truth.
• Questions of origins are outside empirical science. He says time cannot be measured because we do not experience it, so scientific age claims are “null and void.” He treats the Bible as the most reliable history and puts creation at about 6–7 thousand years ago. “Looks old” is, on his account, meaningless without a known young earth to compare it to.

That is a strong nominalist-plus-young-earth package. The nominalism is the odd part: he denies that numbers and logical laws are true, then uses both to argue for biblical chronology. Useful tools that are neither true nor false cannot underwrite a claim that the Bible is the correct history.

I could not find the exchange with the account that calls itself Ten Bears, or a personal website with a résumé. The public footprint is the Waltham/Watertown Armenian connection and those Quora/Facebook arguments. If the site URL is still in the profile, that is the only place a fuller bio would be. Nothing independent currently backs an impressive academic record. 61 sources

His profile said he worked at Boston University and has a link to a website looks like he runs called, Truth-defined.com You won’t find anything on “Ten Kittens” he’s a nobody. The site is his. Truth-Defined.com is a private, non-commercial site by Berj Moses Manoushagian. The footer, updated October 2025, says the author is not associated with nor funded by any organization and is available for live presentations. It is registered with the U.S. Copyright Office. His own bibliography on the site lists himself as the author of Truth-Defined.com. I still cannot corroborate a Boston University appointment. Nothing in a public BU directory, faculty page, or publication record turns up under his name, and the site itself disclaims any organizational tie. A profile line that he “worked at Boston University” could mean staff, a class, or a self-description. It is not a documented academic post.

What the site actually argues, in his words:
• Truth exists, is unchangeable, eternal, spiritual, and superior to any human mind. Those attributes match only God, so “Truth is God” by identity of titles, not metaphor. He leans on Augustine’s De Libero Arbitrio and says secular philosophy missed the definition.
• The payoff is severe. “There can be no True propositions about created entities, including numbers, geometric patterns or so called ‘laws’ of science because they are all dependent on Space, Time or Matter. The only true propositions are about the person who holds the office of God.”
• Knowing truth is knowing God. Ordinary use of “true” for claims about the created world is, on his account, an error.

That is the whole project: a long private essay, roughly 70 pages, plus a rated bibliography of other writers on truth. It is not a university CV. No degree, department, or publications outside this site show up.

The thesis is also internally strained. He opens by saying he has no definition of truth and must start from an intuitive one, then concludes truth is identical with God and that no proposition about anything created can be true. If that last claim holds, his own sentences about Augustine, grammar, and the flood cannot be true either. They are claims about created texts and created history.

He also says the laws of logic are neither true nor false, then uses logical identity (“Truth is God” is convertible) as the hinge of the argument.

So the résumé is the site. The Boston University line is unconfirmed. The content is a personal theological system, not an institutional academic record.

[*********]
Clearly your skim reading makes an incomplete telling of his position Grok. Shame on you. You sound like a freshman dork yourself. Clearly a man speaking like that is intelligent enough to see these cartoonish inconsistencies you’re making a mockery of. What’s more likely is you’re a bottom tier LLM* and missed his higher refined point because it differs so much from mainstream.

The skim flattened a distinction he actually draws. Here is the position as he states it on the opening chapter of Truth-Defined.com. He starts by admitting he has no definition and must use the word anyway. He borrows the ordinary picture only as a ladder: truth as a property of sentences that match facts, and propositions as only true or false. He says up front that the two-state assumption will be dropped.

From there the argument is about Truth as such, not about ordinary true sentences:
• Denying that truth exists is self-defeating.
• What is true cannot change, so truth is eternal. Even “truth has perished” would still be an eternal truth.
• Truth is not a function of matter, time, or space. A physical motion in a brain is a one-off event, so it cannot be the same thought in two minds or twice in one mind. Memory and communication require something that is not a particle motion.
• Truth is immutable and judges the mind; the mind does not judge it. So it cannot be identical with any human mind or with the sum of them. It has to reside in a mind higher than ours.
• Those attributes — existence, immutability, eternity, spirituality, independence of space, time, and matter, superiority to the human mind — he says belong only to God. Substituting “God” for “Truth” leaves the list intact. So the two words are convertible titles of one office, not a metaphor, not a predicate, not class-membership. He invents “identicate” to mark identity of titles as distinct from identity of proper names. “Truth is God” transposes to “God is Truth” without change of meaning.
• The clarification is the part a skim misses. He says the everyday habit of using “true” to certify a statement is an error, hard to quit but still an error.

Truth is not an attribute of any proposition about a created thing. Numbers, geometry, and so-called laws of science depend on space, time, or matter, so there are no true propositions about them. The only true propositions are about the one who holds the office of God. Knowing truth is being indwelt by God.

That is a real thesis, not a cartoon. It sits downstream of Augustine’s claim that truth is greater than the mind, and of Aquinas’s claim that no created thing is identical with its own truth. His extra step, which neither of them takes, is that the ordinary predicate “true” is simply misused when applied to creatures at all.

He also separates title-identity from name-identity so he is not saying the word “truth” is God’s proper name. The remaining problem is not that he failed to notice the ladder. He marked it. It is that the system, once the ladder is kicked away, has no replacement word for a successful claim about a created thing, and then keeps making those claims. His own chapter is a string of claims about sentences, grammar, Augustine, brains, and titles.

On his clarification, none of those can be true, because none of them is about the person who holds the office. He says that ordinary certifying use is an error. He does not supply a second predicate that lets “this grammatical analysis holds” be asserted without smuggling the forbidden one back in.

A theory that cannot state its own evidence is not refined past the objection. It has named the objection and kept writing. The attribute list also does not yield identity. Shared predicates do not make two titles the same office. “Eternal” and “not a function of matter” can apply to more than one thing, or to a standard rather than a person, without the words being convertible. He treats the match as proof of identity. That is the move, and it is stipulated rather than shown.

So the higher point is: Truth is an office identical with God, and the ordinary word “true” is a misuse when aimed at creation. That is intelligible and deliberate. It still cannot underwrite the page it is written on.

Deep

The real system is an edited Augustine, not a private slogan. He says so. The opening chapter is his rewrite of De Libero Arbitrio II, after Ronald Nash’s Faith and Reason and Gordon Clark’s A Christian View of Men and Things. A separate file on the site reprints the relevant Augustine and then reinterprets it “in light of the downfall of empiricism.”

Augustine’s actual chain in Book II is this. Number-rules and wisdom-rules are true, unchangeable, and common to everyone who sees them. They are not yours or mine. Reason judges bodies, and is not judged by them, so the mind is above bodies. Those rules judge the mind, and are not judged by it, so they are above the mind. An unchangeable truth that contains everything unchangeably true, present in common like a public light, is therefore above every human mind. That truth is God, or is in God.

Manoushagian keeps the top of that chain and cuts the evidence Augustine used to get there. In his own bibliography note he faults the Christian writers who treated this text, including the extensive ones, because they “could not free themselves from the idea that geometric and mathematical propositions were eternally true.” That is the fork.

Augustine’s proof that truth is above the mind runs through the eternity of the rules of number. Manoushagian denies those rules are true at all. Numbers and geometric patterns depend on created quantity, and created quantity depends on space, time, or matter. On his definition, nothing that depends on those can be a true proposition. So the very examples Augustine offers as the public, unchangeable truth are, for him, not truth.

What he substitutes is an attribute census.
Truth exists necessarily, cannot change, is therefore eternal, is not a motion of matter, is the same in two minds at once, and judges the mind rather than being judged by it. Only God has that list. Therefore the words are convertible titles of one office.

He is careful about the copula. Not existence, not predication, not class-inclusion, not metaphor. Identity of titles, which he separates from identity of proper names. “Truth” is not God’s name. It is a second title of the same post. John of Kronstadt’s “the Name of God is God Himself” is in the same file cabinet, and so is John 17:17.

That is why the ordinary predicate has to die. If Truth is the office, then “true” cannot be a stamp you put on a sentence about a rock, a sum, or an orbit. He says the habit of using it that way is an error he himself can barely quit. The only propositions that can carry the word are propositions about the one who holds the office. Knowing truth is being indwelt, not matching a sentence to a fact.

The science chapter is the same doctrine applied, not a separate cosmology. “All Motion Is Relative” argues that there is no known absolutely fixed point, so you can take any body as the reference and describe the others against it. He lines up Reichenbach, Poincaré, Einstein, Eddington, Maxwell, Hoyle, Hawking, and Clark: the Ptolemaic and Copernican descriptions are kinematically equivalent; absolute motion is not an observable; simplicity is not truth. The point of the chapter is narrow.

The Galileo episode does not prove that science discovered a truth the church missed, because neither description is a truth. Both are accounts of created bodies. On his own rule, geocentrism is not rescued either. A sentence that says the sun goes around the earth is still a sentence about created entities. It cannot be true. It can only be a chosen calculus.

Where the revision actually breaks is at the joint he cut. Augustine needed the number-rules to be true in order to have something unchangeable and public standing over the mind. Once those are declared not true, the attribute list has nothing left to be a list of except the conclusion he already wanted. Shared predicates do not identify two titles.

“Not a function of matter” and “superior to a human mind” can belong to a standard, a law, or a content of the divine intellect without the word “truth” being the office of God. He asserts that the list fits only God. He does not show that nothing else can bear it.

The other break is the one he names and does not close. His reinterpretation of De Libero is a set of claims about a created book, a created argument, and created grammar. By the clarification, none of those claims can be true. He has no second predicate that lets the file still assert itself. Clark, whom he cites, did not make this cut. Clark kept propositional truth and put the system of true propositions in the mind of God, with Scripture as the given instance.

Manoushagian’s extra step throws out the propositions Clark used as the content of that mind. What remains is the office, and a site full of sentences the office is not allowed to certify.

Yeh… like I just said… deep. That’s deep man.

That was the point. He kept Augustine’s conclusion and threw out the number-rules Augustine used to earn it. What is left is an office with nothing allowed to certify it. Deep, and still cut at the joint.

[* An LLM stands for a Large Language Model, which is a type of artificial intelligence trained on massive amounts of text to understand and generate human-like language.]
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